still below 900 mb, and a storm surge height estimated at between 4.5 and 6.0 m (Lawrence 1989; Perry et al. Over the subsequent days, the wave traversed the tropical Atlantic and developed a broad wind circulation extending just north of the equator. [2], After becoming a tropical storm, Gilbert underwent a period of significant strengthening. [6] Gilbert re-strengthened rapidly, however, and made landfall for a final time as a Category 3 hurricane near La Pesca, Tamaulipas on September 16, with winds of about 125 mph (201 km/h). HURRICANE GILBERT STORM SURGE DATA Introduction 1. All in all, the total damage from the storm is estimated to be about $5.5 billion. A storm surge of 7 to 11 feet above normal tide levels is possible along the coast of the peninsula within the warning areas. P ", "Documentation of Atlantic Tropical Cyclones Changes in HURDAT", "Climatology of landfalling hurricanes and tropical storms in Mexico", "Cancun Under Gilbert: Preliminary Observations", "Huracán Gilberto: Hace 21 años fue un caudal de destrucción", "HURRICANE ROARS INTO MEXICO AGAIN WITH LESS FORCE", "Hurricane Gilbert: Aftermath/Gilbert: No normal hurricane", 10.1175/1520-0493(1980)108<0966:ATSO>2.0.CO;2, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hurricane_Gilbert&oldid=999890887, 1988 natural disasters in the United States, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2013, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 12 January 2021, at 13:29. that featured Gilbert (later modified in 1992 to reflect Hurricane Andrew and Hurricane Iniki). On 9 September, the system was declared the 12th tropical depression of the 1988 season while it was located 644 km (400 mi) east of Barbados. Basic Statistics Dates Maximum wind speed Minimum pressure Deaths Damage Landfall September 8-19, 1999 295 km/hr (185 mph) ... Hurricane Hazards and Impacts Hurricane Winds at Landfall Tornadoes Hurricane Impacts Due to Storm Surge, Wave, and Coastal Flooding Rainfall and Inland Flooding Homeowner Perspective. The greatest negative storm surge, an astounding −2.7 … [1], Gilbert then weakened some, but remained a Category 5 hurricane as it made landfall for a second time on the island of Cozumel, and then a third time on Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula on September 14. It was the fastest selling reggae record in the history of Jamaican music. [40] Gilbert dumped torrential rains and spawned some tornadoes. Praesent eget mauris vitae purus aliquet pretium. Hurricane Gilbert at its peak, was 925 Km wide, therefore having a large range of … Gilbert claimed 318 lives, mostly in Mexico. According to the NOAA, "estimates are that Gilbert produced between 15 and 20 feet of surge along the Yucatan and eight to 13 feet at landfall in mainland Mexico". Passing to the south of Dominican Republic and Haiti, it became a hurricane late on September 10 and further strengthened to Category 3 intensity on the Saffir–Simpson scale the next day. (Studio: Dan Rather; Brownsville, Texas: Faith Daniels) Effects of Hurricane Gilbert upon Brownsville residents discussed. 2009 ) and is still the operational model used by National Hurricane Center (NHC) due to its computational efficiency. To those investigating storm surges, wave setup, and other coastal processes, hydrographic data from such a Nine of them hit San Antonio, where a 59-year-old woman was killed as she slept in her mobile home. Shortly after Gilbert passed Grand Cayman it became a category 5 hurricane. This area included the resort cities of Cancún and Cozumel. [23] Losses throughout Haiti were estimated at $91.2 million. That tradition changed in September 1988, when Hurricane Gilbert slammed into Jamaica with a 19-foot storm surge and 125 mile-per-hour winds, sweeping the small island from east to west. [39] Rainfall in northeastern Mexico peaked at over 10 inches (250 mm) in localized areas of inland Tamaulipas. Archive for all NHC Gilbert report pages etc. A final count of Hurricane Gilbert's victims is not possible because many people remained missing in Mexico, but the total confirmed death toll was 433 people. 1989). Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. [1] Gilbert is the most intense tropical cyclone on record to strike Jamaica. The hurricane was expected to bring dangerous storm surge of 8 to 12 feet to the Yucatan coast. However, the islands largely escaped the hurricane due to Gilbert's quick forward motion. The National Hurricane Center's Tropical Cyclone Reports (formerly called Preliminary Reports) contain comprehensive information on each storm, including synoptic history, meteorological statistics, casualties and damages, and the post-analysis best track (six-hourly positions and intensities). [citation needed], On September 13, Hurricane Gilbert attained a record low central pressure of 888 mb (hPa; 26.22 inHg), surpassing the previous minimum of 892 hPa (26.34 inHg) set by the 1935 Labor Day hurricane. [16] Several mudslides were reported in Dominica, though no damage resulted from them. Pan American Health Organization Emergency Preparedness and Disaster Relief Coordination Program. The National Hurricane Center's Tropical Cyclone Reports (formerly called Preliminary Reports) contain comprehensive information on each storm, including synoptic history, meteorological statistics, casualties and damages, and the post-analysis best track (six-hourly positions and intensities). At one point, its tropical storm-force winds measured 575 mi (925 km) in diameter. The name will never again be used for another Atlantic hurricane. Hurricane Gilbert hit in 1988 with 160 mph winds, and Hurricane Wilma decimated the area in 2005 with winds of 130-140 mph. [13], Hurricane Gilbert produced a 19 ft (5.8 m) storm surge and brought up to 823 millimetres (32.4 in) of rain in the mountainous areas of Jamaica,[24] causing inland flash flooding. Gilbert then weakened slightly, and made landfall on the Yucatán Peninsula later that day while maintaining Category 5 intensity. Hurricane Gilbert caused tremendous amount of damage upon its landfall on the Yucatan Peninsula. Atlantic, Caribbean, and the Gulf of Mexico 60,000 homes were destroyed in Mexico leaving at least 35,000 people homeless. [2], Late on September 10, a tropical storm warning was issued by the National Hurricane Center for the southern coast of the Dominican Republic alongside a hurricane watch for the Barahona Peninsula. Even before becoming a tropical depression, the storms circulation extended almost to the. It was not until 8 September that low-level circulation was detected. Most of the casualties took place in the southern part of the country. [14], Across parts of northern Central America, heavy rains from the outer bands of Hurricane Gilbert triggered deadly flash floods. Hurricane Gilbert was the most destructive storm in the history of Jamaica and the most severe storm since Hurricane Charlie in 1951. Storm surge at Cancun Beach was 20 feet. [35] In the Cancún region, Gilbert produced waves 7 m (23 ft) high, washing away 60% of the city's beaches; the storm surge from the storm penetrated up to 5 km (3.1 mi) inland. Storms with quotations are officially unnamed. (Studio: Dan Rather; Brownsville, Texas: Faith Daniels) Effects of Hurricane Gilbert upon Brownsville residents discussed. The hurricane watch for Barahona was upgraded to a hurricane warning early on September 11. Hurricane Gilbert was the second most intense tropical cyclone on record in the Atlantic basin in terms of barometric pressure, only behind Hurricane Wilma in 2005. [45], Oklahoma recorded the highest rainfall in the United States at 8.6 inches (220 mm), in Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge. The origins of Hurricane Gilbert trace back to an easterly tropical wave—an elongated low-pressure area moving from east to west—that crossed the northwestern coast of Africa on September 3, 1988. 117: 2252-2257. Atlantic, Caribbean, and the Gulf of Mexico ... Hurricane Gilbert hit in 1988 with 160 mph winds, and Hurricane … [14] In nearby Haiti, more substantial losses took place; 53 people died,[13] including 10 offshore. Coastal storm surge flooding produced tides up to 2.7 m (8.9 ft) above normal on the northeast coast of Jamaica. 1992, Glahn et al. The hurricane quickly weakened as it crossed the peninsula and emerged into the Gulf of Mexico as a Category 2 hurricane. September 13, 1988- Squalls from the enormous Hurricane Gilbert bring rain to South Florida as the storm lashed the Cayman Islands in the western Caribbean. The system remained disorganized until September 8, when satellite images showed a defined circulation center approaching the Windward Islands. Gilbert wrought havoc in the Caribbean and the Gulf of Mexico for nearly nine days. In Honduras, at least eight people were killed and 6,000 were left homeless. The minimum pressure at landfall in Cozumel was estimated to be 900 mbar (26.6 inHg), along with maximum sustained winds of 160 mph (260 km/h). This ranked it as the fourth-wettest known storm to strike Jamaica; however, it has since been surpassed by three other storms. [14] In light of extensive damage, the government of Haiti declared a state of emergency for the entire southern peninsula. Hurricane Gilbert lasted for 11 days, from September 8th -19th. Hurricane Emily also hit the peninsula in 2005. From 10:00am-6:00pm on 12 September, Hurricane Gilbert traversed the entire length of Jamaica. Hurricane Irma grew into a dangerous Category 5 storm, the most powerful seen in the Atlantic in over a decade, and roared toward islands in the … Preliminary Report: Hurricane Gilbert. [38] In Coahuila, rainfall from Gilbert caused the deaths of 5 people who were swept away by rising waters. A storm surge is the massive mound of water that builds up and comes ashore during a hurricane, created as the storm's powerful winds push water onto the shore. [9], Once Gilbert entered the Gulf of Mexico on September 15, hurricane watches were posted for the portion of the shore between Port Arthur and Tampico. 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